登记给照:陕甘宁边区自卫武器持有与管理制度研究

Registration and Licensing:A Study of Self-Defense Weapons Possession and Management Systems in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Areas

为实现全民族抗战胜利的目标,出于保障边区政权安全、维护社会秩序稳定和发展壮大后方武装力量的实际需要,陕甘宁边区允许军队以外的公家单位、地方武装持有枪支、弹药、地雷等自卫武器。但是,较大规模的自卫武器的存在,必然涉及如何管理的问题。中国共产党从抗战大局出发,探索推出陕甘宁边区自卫武器登记给照制度,将民间武器的持有、使用、给照纳入制度化、规范化轨道,对自卫武器滥用、失当等行为进行了严厉处罚,并配合思想教育、军事训练等方式,提升了自卫武器的使用效能。通过对自卫武器的有效管理与规范使用,为边区政权建设提供了重要支撑。延安时期自卫武器管理的初步探索与具体实践,为新中国成立后党领导下的公安机关的接续处置提供了宝贵经验。

To secure a victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,out of the practical need to safeguard the border regime,to maintain social stability and to develop and expand the rear armed forces,in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area,danwei(public service units)and local armed forces other than the army were allowed to hold self-defense weapons.But another issue arises—weapon management.With the bigger picture in mind,the CPC explored a system of registration and licensing of self-defense weapons,institutionalizing and standardizing the possession,use and licensing of civilian weapons,and severely punishing such activities as misuse and misappropriation of self-defense weapons,as well as enhancing the effectiveness of self-defense weapon use in conjunction with ideological education,military training and so on.The effective management and standardized use of self-defense weapons provided important support for the construction of power in the border areas.The initial exploration and concrete practice of the management of selfdefense weapons during the Yan'an period provides valuable experience for the successive weapon disposal of public security organs under the leadership of the Party after the founding of New China.