冷战末期以来美国《国家安全战略》析论——基于文本的分析

A Detailed Discussion of the U.S.National Security Strategy since the End of the Cold War-A Text-Based Analysis

通过使用利益、目标和规划为核心的分析框架,对美国每任政府的第一份《国家安全战略》文件进行分析,探究各任政府《国家安全战略》间的区别与联系。在此基础上,研究发现美国主要安全利益、霸权观和贸易政策的目的基本没有变化,但文件性质、霸权护持手段和贸易政策发生了不同程度的变化。这一研究有助于拓展相关研究视野,并对更好地理解美国《国家安全战略》的形成有着重要意义。

Since its first introduction,the U.S.National Security Strategy(hereinafter referred to as the Strategy)has become an inescapable document for researchers of U.S.security strategy.As a direct product of the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 in the U.S.Congress,the Strategy reflects the administration's perception and vision of U.S.national security strategy,and related studies have either focused mainly on grasping the textual level of a single Strategy or attempted to analyze a large sample of all Strategy documents.However,the middle path between the two has yet to be explored.The first Strategy document of each administration was analyzed through an analytical framework centered on interests,objectives,and implementation,and the differences and connections among the Strategies of each administration were explored.On this basis,the main U.S.security interests,hegemonic outlook,and trade policy aims are found to be largely unchanged,but the nature of the document,the means of hegemonic defense,and trade policy itself have changed to varying degrees.This study helps expand the horizons of related research and has important implications for a better understanding of the formation of the U.S.National Security Strategy.