我国国家安全治理政策的发展与演变——基于1978—2020年政策文本的量化分析

The Development and Evolution of China's Policies on National Security Governance Policies:Quantitative Analysis Based on Policy Texts from 1978 to 2020

国家安全治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要组成部分。新形势下,对我国国家安全治理进行系统研究具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。然而,既往研究缺少从纵向历史角度对国家安全政策进行文本量化分析,难以为国家安全治理研究提供政策数据支撑。本研究通过量化分析1978—2020年中央及相关部委发布的20871份国家安全政策文本,系统梳理了改革开放以来我国国家安全治理的理念发展、治理主体变迁和治理能力提升。研究发现,我国国家安全治理理念整体上历经了酝酿、发展与提升三个阶段,中央层级的部门协同合作日益呈现从单一主体向多元主体发展的轨迹,而提升国家安全治理能力总体上有赖于国家安全治理概念完善、理念变迁和法治建设升级。

National security governance is an important constituent for the modernization of the China’s system capacity for governance.It is of both theoretical and practical significance to carry out systematic research on China's national security governance under the new situation.However,the lack of quantitative text analysis of national security policies from a vertical historical perspective in previous studies makes it difficult to provide policy data support for national security governance research.Through quantitative analysis of 20,871 national security policy texts issued by the CPC Central Committee,relevant ministries and commissions from 1978 to 2020,we have reviewed out developments in the concept,changes in governing bodies and improvement in governance capacities of China's national security governance,since the reform and opening-up.It is found that the concept of China's national security governance developed through three stages:preparation,development and improvement.While the coordination and cooperation at the central level are increasingly expanded from a single department to multiple ones,an improved capacity of China’s national security governance generally requires conceptual perfection of the national security governance as well as an upgrade of rule of law.