装配式建筑预制构件运输安全研究

Transportation safety of prefabricated building components

针对装配式建筑预制构件运输作业的安全问题,采用集对分析(set pair analysis,SPA)法和帕累托分析法(即ABC法),提出了装配式建筑预制构件运输安全测评模型.基于现有的研究成果,梳理运输准备、运输工作和存放工作三个阶段所存在的风险因素,建立了运输安全评价指标体系;结合运输作业的现状,采用SPA确定指标权重,以ABC理论为依据,将风险因素分为主要风险因素(A类)、次要风险因素(B类)和一般风险因素(C类),并根据主要风险因素提出建议.结果表明,运输作业人员、运输方案、预制构件固定措施等六项风险指标为A类风险因素,是装配式建筑运输作业应该关注的重点.

Aiming at the safety problem in the transportation of prefabricated building components,a transportation safety evaluation model for prefabricated building components is proposed by using set pair analysis(SPA)and Pareto analysis(ABC).Based on the existing research results,the risk factors in the three stages of transportation preparation,transportation work and storage work are sorted out,and the evaluation index system of transportation safety is established.Combining with the present situation of transportation operations,SPA is adopted to determine the index weights,and the risk factors are divided into major risk factors(type A),secondary risk factors(type B)and general risk factors(type C)based on ABC theory.Recommendations are put forward based on the major risk factors.The results show that six risk indicators,such as transportation operators,transportation plans and fixing measures for prefabricated components,are type A risk factors,which should be the focus of prefabricated building transportation operations.