cGAS/STING信号通路在肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of cGAS/STING signaling pathway in tumor

环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶(cyclic GMP-AMP synthase,cGAS)作为重要的广谱DNA识别受体,可识别肿瘤来源的DNA分子,并通过干扰素基因刺激因子(stimulator of interferon genes,STING)激活宿主免疫系统,对肿瘤细胞进行监视和清除。但该通路在肿瘤的发生和进展中是一把"双刃剑",可发挥抗肿瘤作用,也可促进肿瘤的进展。因此,深入研究cGAS/STING信号通路及其相关调控机制对肿瘤产生不同影响的原因,探索以cGAS/STING通路为基础的肿瘤治疗新方案,对改善肿瘤治疗效果具有重要的指导意义。本文将从cGAS/STING通路的激活、免疫调控、放射治疗、肿瘤转移等方面进行阐述,试图对cGAS/STING通路在肿瘤中的研究有更系统的了解。

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS),a critical broad-spectrum DNA recognition receptor,can recognize tumor-derived DNA and initiate the host immune system through stimulator of interferon genes(STING),thereby to carry out immune surveillance and clearance of tumor cells.However,cGAS/STING signaling pathway is a"double-edged sword"in tumor genesis and development,which not only shows an antitumor effect but a tumor-promoting effect.Therefore,it is significant for improving the antitumor effect to further study why cGAS/STING signaling pathway and its related mechanisms have different effects on tumor,and investigate new clinical treatment strategies based on cGAS/STING signaling pathway.In order to systematically understand the role of cGAS/STING signaling pathway in tumor,cGAS/STING signaling pathway in tumor will be expounded from the pathway activation,immune regulation,radiotherapy and tumor metastasis in this paper.