蜘蛛次生内共生菌的研究进展

Advances in the Study of Secondary Symbiotic Bacteria in Spiders

蜘蛛作为蛛形纲中种类繁多、分布广泛、繁殖迅速且寿命长的生物群体,其生活习性呈现出丰富多样的特点.蜘蛛携带多种次生内共生菌,包括Wolbachia、Rickettsia、Cardinium和Spiroplasma等,这些共生菌在蜘蛛的多种组织中,特别是生殖系统中占据着重要地位,并发挥着不可忽视的作用.本文深入探讨了这些内共生菌的水平和垂直传播机制,揭示了它们对蜘蛛生殖调控的深远影响,如影响后代雌雄比例等.此外,次生内共生菌还在蜘蛛的营养摄取、扩散范围以及对外界压力的反应等方面展现出显著的影响能力.基于对相关文献的详尽梳理与分析,本文对蜘蛛及其次生内共生菌的研究现状进行了全面综述,并提出了未来的研究方向.

Spiders,asa species of Arachnida,exhibit an extraordinary spectrum of diversity encompassing species,distribution,reproduction,lifespan,and behaviors.Within this taxonomic breadth,spiders host a rich diversity of secondary endosymbionts,including Wolbachia,Rickettsia,Cardinium,Spiroplasma,a-mong others.These endosymbionts predominantly inhabit various tissues,particularly the reproductive system,and wield significant influence over spider biology.This review delves into the mechanisms governing the horizontal and vertical transmission of these en-dosymbionts,while scrutinizing their pivotal role in regulating spider reproduction,notably altering the male-to-female offspring ratio.Furthermore,beyond reproductive dynamics,secondary endosymbionts also impact spider nutrition,dispersal capabilities,and adaptive responses to environmental challenges.Drawing upon a comprehensive examination of pertinent literature,this paper not only offers a synthesis of the current state of knowledge but also delineates future research directions vital for a holistic understanding of the intricate interplay between spiders and their secondary endosymbionts.