陕西兴平方言古知系合口字百年来的历史演变

Historical Changes of MC Zhi (知) Group with Hekouhu (合口呼) Finals in Xingping Shaanxi Dialects over One Hundred Years

以《中国音韵学研究》《关中方音调查报告》为出发点,通过调查不同年龄层次的发音人发现:从1910年至今100多年来,兴平方言古知系合口字经历了两种不同的演变方式:语音模式的变化和语音内部的自然音变.演变结果是古知系字卷舌声母不拼合口韵母.这是兴平方言的一个重要的语音特征.其演变动因是语言的横向传递.今兴平方言古知系合口字读为舌叶音是人们在学习现代标准语的过程中不完善习得的结果.

Based on A Study of Chinese Phonology《中国音韵学研究》and A Report of Pronunciation Survey on Guanzhong Dialects《关中方音调查报告》,and through the investigation of speakers in different ages,it is found that Xingping Dialect have undergone different changes from 1910 to now:the change of sound pattern and the internal natural sound change.The retroflex initials cannot be combined with hekou(合口)Finals of MC Zhi(知)Group in Xingping dialect,which is caused by horizontal transmission.Zhi(知)group with hekouhu(合口呼)finals in Xingping dialect are read as laminal(舌叶音),which is the result of imperfect learning of modern standard language.