湘西乡话遇摄的语音层次——兼论乡话日、疑、匣、影、云母读自成音节的现象

The Historical Strata of Yushe(遇摄)of Xianghua Dialect——With the Discussion on the Self-Syllabification of the Initials of Ri(日),Yi(疑),Xia(匣),Ying(影),Yun(云)in Some Xianghua Areas

乡话遇摄的模、鱼、虞三韵今读都比较复杂,文章以沅陵清水坪乡话为例分析了遇摄的语音层次.文章主要通过音类分合、平行演变、声母和韵母的拼合规则等来判断不同音类的关系,得出:模、鱼、虞三韵今读都有三个层次,鱼虞韵最早的层次是不混的,受外方言影响出现了两个相混层.乡话部分方言点的日、疑、匣、影和云母有读自成音节的现象,这是主元音脱落形成的.

The present pronunciations of Mo(模),Yu(鱼)and Yu(虞)rhymes of Yushe(遇摄)are complicated in Xianghua dialect.This paper investigated the historical strata of Yushe(遇摄)of Xianghua speaking in Qingshuiping,Yuanling.The relationship of different phonological categories can be tested by their split/combination,parallel evolution and the spelling rules of initials and finals.The result shows that the present Mo(模),Yu(鱼)and Yu(虞)rhymes all can be analyzed as three historical layers.They were not mixed at the original level,but afterwards two mixed strata appeared due to the influence of other dialects.Moreover,it was the deletion of main vowels led to the self-syllabification of the initials of Ri(日),Yi(疑),Xia(匣),Ying(影),Yun(云)in some Xianghua areas.