藏语拉萨话母语者普通话声调感知研究

A Perceptual Study on Mandarin Tones by Native Lhasa Tibetan Speakers

本文通过范畴感知识别实验与区分实验,探讨藏语拉萨话母语者对普通话声调的感知情况,并与普通话母语者的感知结果进行对比.结果显示,藏语拉萨话母语者对普通话T2-T3声调对立组的感知结果无识别边界、无区分波峰,不能区分这两组声调对立.被试对普通话其他各组声调对立能达到与母语者近似的范畴感知,但是范畴知觉化程度略小于母语被试.T1-T2、T2-T3及T3-T4声调对立组的合成母本不同,被试的感知结果有显著差异.感知结果与被试受到藏语拉萨话自身的声调系统影响有关,或许也能为藏语拉萨话的声调调位划分提供证据.

This paper investigates how the Tibetan people in Lhasa perceive Mandarin tones compared to native speakers.Therefore,identification and discrimination tasks are conducted as each Manda-rin tone continua with 2 groups of listeners—Tibetan speakers and Mandarin speakers.The results suggested that the Tibetan listeners can-not distinguish T2—T3,but their perception mode for T1—T2,T1—T3,T1—T4 and T2—T4 continuums are similar to the categorical perception of mandarin listeners,although the categorization degree is weaker.A notable phonation influence has been found in both groups’perception of T1-T2 and T3-T4.These findings indicate that Tibetan tone system does have a significant influence on the perception of Mandarin tones,and which can also provide an evidence for the division of Tibetan tones.