以非法经营罪规制发放高利贷行为的理论困境与突围

The Theoretical Predicament and Breakthrough of the Problem of Usury by the Crime of Illegal Business

发放高利贷行为是否应予入罪与对该行为是否适用非法经营罪进行刑法规制,是两个层面的问题.发放高利贷行为不应该以非法经营罪进行规制,因为它不具备非法经营罪中"违反国家规定"的前提,不符合非法经营罪保护的法益,也无法被"其他严重扰乱市场秩序的非法经营行为"这一兜底条款所涵摄.但发放高利贷行为确实属性质严重的经营行为,加之发放高利贷行为弊大于利,其悖逆了资本的社会责任以及契约自由、意思自治等原则的实质精神,因此有必要对发放高利贷行为进行刑法规制.在规制路径的选择上,笔者认为应增设"发放高利贷罪"对发放高利贷行为进行刑法规制.

It is a question of two levels whether the crime of usury should be admitted and whether it is applicable to the crime of illegal business operation.Usury behavior shouldn't be with the crime of illegal business regulation,because it does not have a"violation of state regulations"in the crime of illegal business,the premise of do not conform to the crime of illegal business to protect the legal interests,also cannot be"other"illegal business behavior seriously disrupted the market order the culvert shoot out terms and conditions.But usury behavior is belong to the management behavior of serious nature,in addition,usury does more harm than good,which goes against the social responsibility of capital and the spirit of the principles of freedom of contract and autonomy of will.Therefore,it is necessary to regulate usury behavior in criminal law,the regulation on the choice of path,should add"the crime of usury"to criminal law.