语域论视角下外贸单证的语言特点

文章基于韩礼德的语域理论,从语场、语旨和语式三个变量来分析外贸单证的语言特点.外贸单证是国际贸易中非常正式的商务单据、证书,具有法律意义.就语场而言,外贸单证的内容主要包括交易商品的基本信息及各类条款,其用语正式,规范;就语旨而言,外贸单证所涉及的各方参与者包括国家政府部门、银行、企业、机构等,各参与者需要通过单证及时知晓该笔交易的相关信息以完成自己的责任义务,因此单证语言在语气上需要客观、严肃;就语式而言,外贸单证具有正式的书面文本特点.

Based on Halliday’s Register theory,this paper analyzes the language characteristics of foreign trade documents from its field,tenor and mode.Foreign trade documents are formal business documents and certificates in international trade,which are of legal significance.In terms of field,the contents of foreign trade documents mainly include the basic information and various terms of the trading goods,which is formal and standardized.The participants involved in the foreign trade documents include the national government departments,banks,enterprises,institutions,etc.The participants need to know the relevant information through the documents to complete their responsibilities and obligations,so the language of the documents in tone should be objective and serious.For its mode,foreign trade documents have the characteristics of formal written text.