水下隧道安全门间距与宽度对疏散影响研究

Study on Spacing and Width of Safety Door Influencing Evacuation in Underwater Tunnel

水下隧道由于其特殊的内、外部环境条件,其疏散救援方案与常规隧道存在差异性.目前,采用明挖法、沉管法的水下隧道,尚未有国家相关规范及资料明确规定水下隧道内中间管廊安全门间距及宽度的设置要求.本文以江浙区域某明挖法水下一级公路隧道为研究对象,运用理论计算与数值仿真两种手段,建立物理尺寸与实际工程一致的疏散仿真模型.针对安全门间距和宽度两个关键因素,分别选取3种安全门宽度、4种安全门间距组成多组疏散模拟工况,对隧道内人员疏散时间的影响进行分析研究,分别得出安全门宽度、安全门间距对疏散时间的影响规律,在满足人员安全疏散的前提下,尽量增大安全门间距以减小土建成本,最终确定两者的参数取值.本文研究思路和方法可为类似工程的疏散救援工作提供参考.

Due to its special internal and external environmental conditions,underwater tunnels have different evacuation and rescue schemes from conventional tunnels.At present,the underwater tunnels using the open cut method and the immersed tube method have not yet provided relevant national regulations and materials to clearly define the requirements for the spacing and width of the safety gates of the intermediate pipe corridors in underwater tunnels.This paper took a clear tunnel underwater tunnel in Jiangsu Province as the research object,and used theoretical calculation and numerical simulation to establish an evacuation simulation model with physical dimensions and actual engineering.According to the two key factors of safety gate spacing and width,three kinds of safety gate width and four distances between safety gates were selected to form multiple sets of evacuation simulation conditions,and the influence of evacuation time in the tunnel was analyzed.The influence rules of the width and spacing of safety doors on evacuation time were obtained respectively.On the premise of satisfying the safe evacuation of personnel,the safety gate spacing should be increased as much as possible SO as to reduce the cost of civil construction,and finally the value of the two parameters Was determined.The research ideas and methods could provide reference for the evacuation and rescue work of similar projects.