日本近现代文学研究者用计算机想做什么?不想做什么?

What do Japanese Modern Literature Researchers Want to Do or Not to Do by Computer?

近年,日本的近现代文学研究者开始在研究中尝试使用计算的方法,目前主要存在三种类型的研究:文体论研究、文学作品的内容分析及与文学相关的各类报道的内容分析.第一类研究在文学研究中并非主流;第二类研究在文学研究者看来与传统的"精读"相比过于薄弱;第三类研究目前实践案例尚少,但与日本文学界从20世纪末开始的关于文学发展趋势的量化研究以及近年出现的"远读"等新理论和数字化研究方法能够产生较多接点,因此具有更高的可能性.要推动相关研究,可用于检索和数据分析、具有一定规模和水准、编辑规范统一的文本数据也是必不可少的.数字人文学是文学研究乃至人文学研究的发展出路之一,今后定会出现能够将人为精读和计算机远读巧妙结合并融入文学研究问题意识的有趣研究,但前提是文学研究者有必要从问题意识开始做彻底的改变.

Recently,Japanese modern literature researchers have begun to use computer-based methods in their research,and three major types of research are now available,including:stylistic studies,content analysis of literary works,and content analysis of various literature-related reports.However,the first type is not mainstream in literary studies,and the second type is regardedas much weaker than the traditional"close reading"by literary researchers.The third type has few practical cases yet,but it is more likely to be intersect with quantitative research on literary tendencies that began in the late last century in Japanese literature circles,as well as with new theories and digital approaches such as"distant reading"that have been proposed in recent years.In addition,text data of a certain scale and standard,with standardized editing,that can be used for search and data analysis is also essential to promote relevant research.Digital humanities is one of the ways to develop literary studies,and even humanities studies.In the future,there will be interesting studies that can skillfully combine artificialclose reading and computerized distant reading,and incorporate the problematic consciousness of literary studies,providing that the literary researchers make a thorough change from the problem awareness.