摘要
在美国,量化历史分析掀起过三次不同的浪潮.第一次浪潮,是作为繁荣于20世纪初的"新史学"的一部分出现的,并随着"共识史学"在1940、1950年代的兴起而消失.第二次浪潮蓬勃于1960-1980年代,正是新经济史、新政治史、新社会史占据主流期间,并在20世纪末的"文化转向"中走向衰落.第三次浪潮——此处称之为"量化的复兴"——出现在21世纪的第二个十年,当下仍在发展之中.本文将对各次浪潮的特征进行描述,并讨论历史上量化方法兴衰的史学背景.
Quantitative historical analysis in the United States surged in three distinct waves.The first quantitative wave occurred as part of the“New History”that blossomed in the early twentieth century and disappeared in the 1940s and 1950s with the rise of consensus history.The second wave thrived from the 1960s to the 1980s during the ascendance of the New Economic History,the New Political History,and the New Social History,and died out during the“cultural turn”of the late twentieth century.The third wave of historical quantification—which I call the revival of quantification—emerged in the second decade of thetwenty-first century and is still underway.I describe characteristics of each wave and discussthe historiographical context of the ebb and flow of quantification in history.
出处
《数字人文研究》
2021年第3期18-38,共21页
Digital Humanities Research
基金
明尼苏达人口中心给予的行政支持,项目编号为NICHDP2CHD041023
关键词
量化历史
新史学
历史转向
quantitative history
New History
historical turn