毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤7例临床及组织病理分析

Clinical and histopathological analysis of 7 cases of hair follicular sebaceous cystic hamartoma

目的提高临床上对毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤的认识。方法回顾性分析2019年2月—2022年2月北部战区总医院皮肤科经组织病理诊断的7例毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤患者临床及组织病理资料。结果7例患者临床多诊断为表皮囊肿。男女发病率之比为1.33:1,病程4~30年,发病年龄27~86岁。单发皮损者6例,多发1例,且皮损聚集分布。皮损直径3~45 mm。组织病理学特征为真皮内增生的毛囊皮脂腺单位,可见内含角质物质囊腔结构,周围间质增生。结论毛囊皮脂腺囊性错构瘤为皮肤的良性肿瘤,临床罕见,诊断主要依据组织病理学检查,手术切除效果较好。

Objective To improve the clinical understanding of folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma.Methods The clinical manifestations and histopathology characteristics of 7 patients with folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma,treated at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from February 2019 to February 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.Results Most cases were diagnosed with epidermal cysts.The ratio of male to female patients was 1.33:1,with a disease duration ranging from 4 years to 30 years and an age range of 27 to 86 years old.Single lesions were found in 6 cases,while multiple gathered lesions were found in 1 case.The diameter of skin lesions ranged from 3 to 45 mm.Histopathological examination showed hyperplasia of hair follicle sebaceous units and the surrounding stroma in the dermis,sometimes containing cystic structures with keratinaceous material.Conclusion Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma is a rare benign tumor of the skin.The diagnosis is mainly based on histopathological examination,and surgical excision is clinically effective.