清代“重情”案件驳改缘由探析

An Analysis on the Causes of Refuting the Case of "Emphasizing Affection" in Qing Dynasty

清代“重情”案件,即需要判处徒刑以上刑罚的案件.该类案件根据清代的案件复核程序,督抚在作出地方性的终裁意见后需采取“题”或“奏”的方式报请中央复核后判决方能生效.《驳案汇编》是清代光绪九年(1883年)由山阴朱梅臣将《驳案新编》与《驳案续编》合刊而成的一部判例编集,其汇集了乾隆及嘉庆年间的382个由地方督抚根据复核制度上报中央审判机关复核、请示的量刑在徒刑以上的“重情”案件.[1]该书为我们研究清代“重情”案件的驳改缘由提供了重要的研究对象,经过分析与研究,以刑部为代表的三法司是中央复核案件的主要部门,其是对案件进行实质性、全面性审查的部门,而驳案的产生根由亦是因为其在复核案件过程中发现了种种需要指驳再审或另拟的情况,而驳改的缘由即是复核过程中所发现的“事实之疑”与“法律之疑”.

The barge cases serve as an important research object to reason,through the analysis and research of our criminal law as the representative of the three department is the main Department of the central review of the case,it is essential to the case,a comprehensive review of the Department,the case also causes the barge because they discovered various needs refers to retrial or in the case of other quasi case review process,and also the reason is that the review barge changed in the process of“the fact of the suspect”and the“law of the suspect”.