宇宙航行变轨问题拓展

The Expansion on Orbit Change in Space Navigation

中学物理中对宇宙航行中的轨道变换问题只做了定性的探究,在此对卫星轨道变换问题进行定量探究,通过对该问题深入研究和拓展,使中学教师和学生对变轨问题的认识更加深刻.利用高中知识点,开普勒第二定律和能量守恒,定量推导每次变轨轨道变换需要改变的速度和需要提供的能量,结合现代计算机技术进行实例分析计算,最后推广至3个宇宙速度的定量求解.

In secondary school physics,our primary teaching focus is qualitative research on the orbit transformation in space navigation.In this paper,we have done quantitative researches on the orbit transformation of satellite.Through in-depth research and expansion of the problem,we will enhance secondary school teachers′and students′understanding of the orbit transformation.Using knowledge points of senior high school physics and Kepler′s second law and conservation of energy,this paper quantitatively deduces the speed that needs to be changed and the energy that needs to be provided for each orbit change,and combines modern computer technology for sample analysis and calculation,and finally extends to the quantitative solution of three cosmic velocities.