新中国成立初期马克思主义大众化主客体关系的特点与当代启示

The Characteristics and Contemporary Enlightenment of the Subject-Object Relationship in the Popularization of Marxism during the Early Years of the People's Repulic of China

马克思主义大众化是一个内含"理论掌握群众"与"群众掌握理论"两环节的动态过程,即主客体相互影响、相互作用的过程.新中国成立初期的马克思主义大众化是一场由中国共产党首次以全国范围执政党的身份开展的真正覆盖全体大众、影响深远的马克思主义宣传教育实践.中国共产党是马克思主义大众化实至名归的领导核心;人民群众是马克思主义大众化名副其实的实践主体,同时也是具有前所未有的广泛性与复杂性的客体.人民群众在马克思主义大众化过程中兼具主客体的二重性,要求我们在推进马克思主义大众化的过程中,既要尊重其作为客体的差异性,又要注意发挥其作为主体的能动性,以实现"理论掌握群众"与"群众掌握理论"的辩证统一.

The popularization of Marxism is a dynamic process with two links,namely the mutual influence and interaction between subject and object.The popularization of Marxism in the early period of the People’s Repulic of China was a Marxist propaganda and education practice that truly covered the whole public and had far-reaching influence,which was carried out by the Communist Party of China for the first time as a ruling party nationwide.The CPC is the leading core of Marxism popularization.The masses are not only the subject of Marxism popularization,but also the object with unprecedented extensiveness and complexity.In the process of popularization of Marxism,the masses have the duality of subject and object.It requires that we should not only respect its differences as an object,but also pay attention to its initiative as a subject in the process of promoting the popularization of Marxism,so as to realize the dialectical unity of"theory mastering the masses"and"the masses mastering theory".