剩余劳动理论的哲学性质与经济学澄清

The Philosophical Nature and Economic Clarification of Surplus Labor Theory

剩余劳动概念一直未受到学术界应有的重视,是被高度遮蔽却又重要的哲学概念,它关系"唯物史观"走向"资本论"之可能.剩余劳动Ⅰ的哲学性质是异化劳动,其社会样态是私有财产的具体内容,在此基础上,马克思创建了唯物史观内容.那么资本主义社会的剩余劳动必须要对话政治经济学,进行剩余劳动Ⅱ的经济学论证,完成《资本论》及手稿的政治经济学批判的任务.从异化劳动理论至唯物史观,再到《资本论》,贯穿着以剩余劳动为内容的理论中轴,它是解读马克思早期与后期思想的核心范畴,也是超越传统教科书的理论重心.

The concept of surplus labor has not been paid enough attention by the academic circles.It is a highly covered but important philosophical concept.It is highly related to the possibility of"historical materialism"developing into"capital theory".The philosophical nature of surplus labor I is alienated labor,and its social form is the specific content of private property.On this basis,Marx created the content of historical materialism.Then,the surplus labor in capitalist society must interact with political economy,carry out the economic demonstration of surplus labor II,and complete the task of criticizing the political economy of Das Kapital and the manuscript.From the theory of alienated labor to historical materialism,and then to Das Kapital,there is a theoretical axis with surplus labor as its content.It is the core category to interpret Marx’s early and later thoughts,and also the theoretical focus beyond the traditional textbooks.