豫东地区玉米储藏中绿色储粮技术应用效果研究

THE APPLICATION EFFECT OF GREEN GRAIN STORAGE TECHNOLOGY IN CORN STORAGE IN EASTERN HENAN

在豫东地区使用空调控温技术、空调控温+内环流控温技术、空调控温技术+氮气气调技术3种绿色储粮技术应用于玉米储藏,研究不同技术对玉米品质、控温效果、储粮能耗的影响.结果表明:3种方式均能很好地延缓玉米品质劣变,脂肪酸值上升控制在4(KOH/干基)/(mg/100g),实现了玉米的安全储藏.使用空调控温技术+氮气气调技术能实现控温目标、防止虫霉发生,但是能耗高达3.0元/t.使用空调控温技术可以有效控制仓温、粮温达到准低温的标准,但是粮堆内温差可达14℃,能耗在1.7元/t,不利于粮堆内冷源的充分利用,成本较高.使用空调控温技术+内环流控温技术,在达到控温目标的前提下,可以降低仓湿至40%左右,能耗仅为0.6元/t,适合在豫东地区玉米储藏中应用.

In eastern Henan,the use of air-conditioning temperature control technology,air-conditioning temperature control and inner circulation temperature control technology,air-conditioning temperature control and nitrogen atmosphere control technology is applied to corn storage,and the effects of different technologies on corn quality,temperature control effect and grain storage energy consumption are studied.The results showed that all three methods can delay the deterioration of corn quality,and the increase of fatty acid value of corn is controlled at 4 mgKOH/100 mg,which realizes the safe storage of corn.The use of air-conditioning temperature control and nitrogen air-conditioning technology can achieve the goal of temperature control and prevent the occurrence of insects and molds,but the energy consumption is as high as 3.0 yuan/t.The use of air-conditioning temperature control technology can effectively control the temperature of the warehouse and the grain temperature to reach the standard of quasi-low temperature,but the temperature difference in the grain pile can reach 14℃,and the energy consumption is 1.7 yuan/t,which is not conducive to the full utilization of the cooling source in the grain pile,and the cost is relatively high.Using air conditioning temperature control and inner circulation temperature control technology,on the premise of reaching the temperature control target,the warehouse humidity can be reduced to about 40%,and the energy consumption is only 0.6 yuan/t which is suitable for application in corn storage in eastern Henan.