低剂量多层螺旋CT在小儿支气管异物诊断中的应用价值

Value of low dose multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of foreign body in bronchus of children

目的探讨低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在小儿支气管异物诊断中的应用价值.方法选取80例疑似支气管异物患儿作为研究对象,患儿均采用低剂量MSCT检查,并将结果与支气管镜检查结果进行比较,分析其诊断价值.结果MSCT诊断小儿支气管异物72例,其中检查显示位于气管22例,位于左主支气管8例,位于左下叶支气管6例,位于右主支气管15例,位于右侧中间段8例,位于右下叶支气管13例.与支气管镜检查比较,MSCT有3例假阳性,其余与支气管镜检查结果相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).MSCT直观显示异物所在位置及形态,可清晰显示异物嵌顿所致肺气肿、肺炎、肺不张、纵隔积气的继发征象.结论低剂量MSCT应用在小儿支气管异物诊断中,可全方位显示患儿支气管异物的位置、大小、形态,对异物的间接征像显示更明确,具有扫描快速、诊断准确及时的优势.

Objective To study the application value of low-dose multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)in the diagnosis of foreign body in children’s bronchus.Methods A total of80 children suspected of bronchogenic foreign bodies were selected as research objects,and were carried out MSCT examination.The result obtained was compared with those of bronchoscopy,and the diagnostic value of low-dose MSCT was analyzed.Results There were 72 cases diagnosed as bronchus foreign bodies by MSCT,of whom 22 cases were located in the trachea,8 cases in the left main bronchus,6 cases in the left lower lobar branch,15 cases in the right main bronchus,8 cases in the right middle segment and 13 cases in the right lower lobar bronchus.There were 3 false positive patients diagnosed by MSCT compared with bronchoscopy,and the rest of diagnosed patients were in accordance with bronchoscopic results,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).MSCT visual display the location and shape of the foreign body,and can clearly reveal the secondary signs of emphysema,pneumonia,atelectasis and pneumomediastinum caused by foreign body incarceration.Conclusion Low dose MSCT can display the position,size and shape of foreign body in children’s bronchus in all-round way in the diagnosis of foreign body in bronchus.It has the advantages of rapid scanning and accurate diagnosis as well as clear demonstration of indirect sign of a foreign body.