心理干预在加速康复外科中的运用

A review of psychological interventions in enhanced recovery after surgery

提出加速康复外科理念是为了减轻患者因手术引起的各种应激反应,优化围手术期处理措施,减少患者围手术期生理及心理创伤应激,改善外科患者术后恢复情况,并缩短其住院时间.肠道疾病的患者在住院期间心理变化复杂多样,易产生焦虑、抑郁等负面情绪.目前,临床工作中多由护理人员为患者开展心理干预服务,但由于护理人员缺乏心理学专业背景,开展心理干预服务存在局限性.国外的先进经验显示,引入医务社会工作者、心理治疗师以建设多学科团队成员的身份为住院患者提供心理干预服务,可有效地降低肠道疾病患者的心理应激,加快患者术后恢复进程,有效缩短病人的住院时间.本文通过对国内外文献的回顾,归纳出国外开展心理干预的主要方法,以期为我国加速康复外科中的心理干预的发展提供指引.

Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols are multimodal perioperative care pathways designed to achieve better recovery and reduce the profound stress response following surgery,Also,shorten their hospital stay.Patients with intestinal diseases suffer complex emotions during hospitalization and are prone to negative emotions such as anxiety and depression.Psychological intervention are now usually carried out by Nurse in hospital,themajority,However,of them lack the psychological background.Hence,psychological intervention usually carried out without professional guidance.Health care social worker and health psychologist have been introduced into multiply disciplinary team to provide psychological intervention for inpatients in foreign country.The main psychological intervention paths have been collated in this paper through systematic review and this paper,also,aim to provide guidance for psychological intervention,as a part of ERAS,in China.