Structural diversification of tin-oxo complexes through controlled self-assembly and ligand modulation

Metal oxo clusters represent an intriguing class of compounds thatbridge the gap between single atoms and nanoparticles[1].These clusters possess atomically precise characteristics and offer unique advantages for unraveling the intricate relationships between structures andproperties[2–4].Among metal oxo clusters,tin dioxide(SnO_(2))stands outas a prominent n-type wide-bandgap semiconductor with numerous applications in gas sensors[5],extreme ultraviolet lithography[6],solarcells[7],and catalysts[8].Consequently,the synthesis of nanoclustermaterials based on SnO2 has attracted significant attention from thescientific community,driven by the pursuit of tailored properties.Acomprehensive understanding of the self-assembly processes governingtin-oxo clusters at the molecular level is crucial for designing syntheticroutes towards nanocluster materials with desired properties.