现代大型语文辞书"王肃音"考释

A Study of Wang Su's Phonetic Notation in Modern Chinese Dictionaries

现代语文辞书如《汉语大字典》《中华字海》《故训汇纂》《古音汇纂》等在部分字头下引述三国经学家王肃的音注,作为标音来源.而它们所引"王肃音"都有一个共同的出处——明覆宋本《孔子家语》"王肃"的注释.通过调查发现,明覆宋本《家语》记载的"王肃音"原是日传风月宗智本《家语》的一部分,很明显两本所附音切属同一音注系统.风月宗智本《孔子家语》"王肃音"在切语用字、音义配合、音系特点三个方面都与陆德明《经典释文》引王肃音不同,借此推断这些反切并非王肃注音,其撰作年代应在隋唐两代之间.现代语文辞书引"王肃音"不确,当据正.又从六朝《家语》残卷和隋唐类书引《家语》资料来看,王肃为《孔子家语》作注时未必注音.

In modern Chinese dictionaries,Wang Su's phonetic notation have a common source-Wang Su's annotation in the Ming FusongJiayu(明覆宋本)of Kongxi Jiayu(孔子家语).We find that Wang Su's phonetic notation recorded in the Fusong Jiayu of J iayu.was originally a part of the Fengyue Zongzhi(风月宗智)Jiayu,and they are a system.Wang Su's phonetics in Jiayu of Fengyue Zongzhi are different from those quoted by Wang Su in Lu Deming s(陆德明)J ingdian Shirven(经典释文)in three aspects:character features of Fanqie(反切),matching phonetic and meaning,and phonological characteris-tics.Therefore,it can be inferred that these Fanqie are not Wang Su sphonetics,and they should be written between Sui and Tang Dynasties.According to the remnant of the Six Dynasties'Jiayu and Sui and Tang Dynasty encyclopedia,Wang Su did not necessarily make phonetic when he annotated Kongzi Jiayu.Wang Su's phonetic notation quoted in modern Chinese dictionaries is incorrect.