口腔正畸治疗患者病耻感及影响因素分析

Influencing factors of stigma in patients with orthodontic treatment

目的探讨口腔正畸患者病耻感水平与心理社会适应的相关性及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年1月至7月某医院口腔科行口腔正畸治疗的311例患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、社会影响量表、社会心理适应量表对患者进行调查。结果311例口腔正畸患者社会影响总分为(50.57±9.12)分,社会心理适应总分为(52.75±10.75)分。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,患者的病耻感与社会心理适应能力呈负相关(r=-0.224,P=0.000)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者年龄、性别、文化程度、治疗时间、正畸方式、社会心理适应能力是影响口腔正畸治疗患者病耻感的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论口腔正畸治疗患者存在中等水平的病耻感,并受多因素影响。口腔科医护人员应根据不同患者不同状况,加强疾病认知干预和心理疏导,帮助其调节社会心理适应能力,有效降低其病耻感。

Objective To explore the correlation between the level of stigma and psychosocial adjustment in orthodontic patients and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 311 patients receiving orthodontic treatment in the Department of Stomatology in a hospital from January to July 2021 were selected by convenience sampling method.General data questionnaire,Social Impact Scale and Psychosocial Adjustment Scale were used to investigate the patients.Results The total score of Social Impact Scale and Social Psychological Adjustment in 311 orthodontic patients were(50.57±9.12)and(52.75±10.75).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between stigma and psychosocial adjustment(r=-0.224,P=0.000).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,gender,education level,treatment duration,orthodontic method and psychosocial adjustment were important factors affecting stigma(P<0.05).Conclusion Orthodontic patients have a moderate level of stigma and are influenced by many factors.Stomatology medical staff should strengthen disease cognitive intervention and psychological counseling according to the different conditions of different patients,to help them adjust their social and psychological adjustment,and effectively reduce their stigma.