小组焦点访谈法构建下的风险护理对行机械瓣膜置换术风心病患者的康复效果及对其心功能的影响

Effect of Risk Nursing Constructed by Group Focus Interview on Rehabilitation and Its Influence on Cardiac Function of Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease Undergoing Mechanical Valve Replacement

目的探究行机械瓣膜置换术的风湿性心脏病(简称风心病)患者接受小组焦点访谈法构建下的风险护理对其康复效果及心功能的影响.方法选取2021年11月—2023年7月于浙江省人民医院毕节医院行机械瓣膜置换术的100例风心病患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组及观察组,每组50例.对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用小组焦点访谈法构建下的风险护理.比较两组患者的干预效果.结果观察组的术后并发症发生率为10.00%,低于对照组的26.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预后,观察组的6 min步行距离长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组的焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组的健康状况调查简表评分、心功能分级I级占比均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论行机械瓣膜置换术的风心病患者接受小组焦点访谈法构建下的风险护理,能明显改善其围术期心态,降低术后并发症发生率,增加6 min步行距离,提升生活质量,优化康复效果.

Objective To investigate the effect of risk nursing constructed by group focus interview on rehabilitation and its influence on cardiac function in patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing mechanical valve replacement.Methods 100 patients with rheumatic heart disease underwent mechanical valve replacement in Bijie Hospital,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from November 2021 to July 2023 were selected as the study objects and were divided into a control group and an observation group according to random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine nursing,and the observation group was treated with risk nursing constructed by group focus interview.The intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 10.00%,lower than 26.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the 6-min walking distance of the observation group was longer than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The MOS item short from health survey score and the proportion of grade I heart function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing mechanical valve replacement can significantly improve their perioperative mentality,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,increase the 6-min walking distance,improve the quality of life,and optimize the rehabilitation effect by receiving risk nursing constructed by group focus interview.