基于Caprini血栓风险评估量表的预见性护理在髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓预防中的作用

The Role of Predictive Nursing Based on Caprini Thrombus Risk Assessment Scale in Deep Venous Thrombosis Prevention of Lower Limbs after Hip Replacement

目的探讨基于Caprini血栓风险评估量表的预见性护理在预防髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成方面的作用.方法选取2021年9月—2022年6月于我院行髋关节置换术的111例患者为研究对象,依据护理方式不同分为两组.对照组(n=55)采用常规护理,观察组(n=56)在对照组基础上采用基于Caprini血栓风险评估量表的预见性护理.比较两组患者的下肢血流速度、凝血纤溶指数、下肢深静脉血栓发生率及护理满意度.结果干预后,观察组的髂静脉、股静脉、腘静脉血流速度均快于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预后,观察组的纤维蛋白原、纤溶酶-抗纤溶酶复合物、组织型纤溶酶原激活抑制复合物水平均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预后,观察组的下肢深静脉血栓发生率为1.79%,低于对照组的12.73%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组的护理满意度为96.43%,高于对照组的83.64%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论基于Caprini血栓风险评估量表的预见性护理可促进髋关节置换术后患者的下肢血流速度,改善其凝血纤溶功能,有效降低下肢深静脉血栓的发生率,提高患者的护理满意率,值得临床推广使用.

Objective To investigate the role of predictive nursing based on Caprini thrombosis risk assessment scale in deep venous thrombosis prevention of lower limbs after hip replacement.Methods 111 patients who underwent hip replacement in the hospital from September 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects and were divided into two groups according to different nursing methods.The control group(n=55)received routine nursing,and the observation group(n=56)received predictive nursing based on Caprini thrombosis risk assessment scale on the basis of the control group.The lower extremity blood flow velocity,coagulation and fibrinolysis indexes,incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis,bed time and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After the intervention,the blood flow velocities of iliac vein,femoral vein and popliteal vein in the observation group were faster than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of fibrinogen,plasmin antiplasmin complex and tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was 1.79%,lower than 12.73%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 96.43%,higher than 83.64%of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Predictive nursing based on Caprini thrombus risk assessment scale can promote the lower limb blood flow velocity of patients after hip replacement,improve their coagulation and fibrinolytic function,effectively reduce the incidence of lower limb deep vein thrombosis,and improve the nursing satisfaction rate of patients,which is worthy of clinical promotion.