氢能产业发展技术路径研究

Research on Technological Path of Hydrogen Energy Industry Development

氢能具有低碳清洁、能量密度大和转化效率高等优点,有望在我国能源转型进程中发挥举足轻重的作用.分析了制氢、储氢和用氢等领域各项技术的研究现状与发展前景,在此基础上提出了可再生能源、综合能源服务园区耦合氢能发展的具体技术路径.固体聚合物(solid polymer electrolyte,SPE)电解制氢和固态材料储氢是制氢和储氢环节最具潜力的发展方向.用氢环节中氢燃料电池和天然气掺氢等技术应同步推进.弃风/弃光电解水制氢、风电/光伏离网制氢与燃料电池发电、加氢站供应、制甲醇以及天然气掺氢等技术有机结合将有效解决可再生能源制氢不经济和运输困难的问题,同时氢能可实现多种能源网络的互联,在未来综合能源服务园区内的应用前景非常广阔.

Hydrogen energy is expected to play an important role in China's energy transformation process due to its low carbon,clean,high energy density and high conversion efficiency.This paper analyzes the research status and development prospect of various technologies in the fields of hydrogen production,hydrogen storage and hydrogen utilization,and then the specific technical path of renewable energy and integrated energy service system coupled hydrogen energy are discussed.Solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)hydrogen production and solid material hydrogen storage are the most potential development direction of hydrogen production and storage.Hydrogen fuel cell and adding hydrogen into natural gas pipeline should be advanced simultaneously.The combination of water electrolysis using abandoning wind/photovoltaic or off-grid hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation,hydrogen station supply,methanol production and natural gas hydrogen mixing will effectively solve the problems of uneconomical and difficult transportation.Hydrogen can also realize the interconnection of multiple energy networks and has a very broad application prospect in the future integrated energy service system.