考察日本的社会资本:以佐贺县为例

The Status of Social Capital in Japan:A case of Saga Prefecture

自20世纪80年代以来,日本社会出现了一系列病理现象:地缘血缘的消失、家庭的空洞化、青少年的冷漠以及社会规范的衰退等.加之近年来少子老龄化的加剧,使得日本开始重视社会资本的培育.本文根据日本的全国性调查数据分析了日本社会资本的历年变化,并以佐贺县为案例进行了访谈调查.可以发现,近二十多年来,日本民众正在渐渐失去社会参与的积极性和行动力.而通过对佐贺县的考察,发现政府的政策措施对社会资本的形成能产生积极影响,说明政府的引导和服务职能的完善有助于社会资本的培育,同时社会资本的丰富也能提高政府绩效.

Since 1980’s,there have been a series of pathological phenomena in Japan:the disappearance of regional ties,the hollowing of family,the indifference of youth and the decline of social norms.With the declining birthrate and aging population in recent years,Japan began to attach great importance to the cultivation of social capital.This paper analyzes the changes of Japan’s social capital through a national survey data,and conducts an interview survey in Saga Prefecture as a case study.It can be found that,for nearly 20 years,the enthusiasm and action of The Japanese people’s social participation is gradually losing.Through the case study of Saga,it is found that the government’s measures can have an impact on social capital,which shows that the government’s guidance and the perfection of service functions can help the cultivation of social capital,and the enrichment of social capital can also improve the government’s performance.