平衡视角下的删除权实现:以日本判例为参考

删除权行使的核心问题在于隐私与自由的平衡,其中理论难点的是犯罪记录、前科能否从搜索引擎的搜索结果中删除的问题。在日本,前科问题被纳入传统隐私权领域,基于时间经过理论,前科信息恢复私密性,进而受到法律保护。而搜索引擎运营商则被认为具有表达行为的性质,搜索结果是在运营商方针的指导下通过算法而得出,同样受到法律的保护。法院在比较衡量的基础上要求不公开该信息的利益明显优于公开的利益,才能删除搜索结果。这一做法既不否定删除前科的可能性,也不轻易删除搜索结果,从而实现个人隐私信息保护与表达自由的平衡。此衡量方法值得借鉴。

The core of the right to erasure lies in the balance of privacy and freedom,which mainly concerns whether criminal record can be deleted from the results of search engines.In Japan,on the one hand,criminal record is incorporated into the privacy.Under the theory of the passage of time,the privacy of criminal record is rehabilitated so it is protected by law.On the other hand,search service provider is considered as a subject of freedom of speech.Search results are obtained through algorithms in line with the search service provider's policy and should also be protected by law.If it is apparent that the legal interest of not being published is greater than publishing them,it is reasonable to delete the search results.It neither denies the possibility of deleting criminal record nor deletes the search results easily,so as to achieve a balance between personal information privacy protection and freedom of expression.This method is worthy of reference.