再论南沙群岛的归属——对菲律宾新近南沙群岛地图展的批驳

The Study on the Sovereignty over Spratlys:A Refutation of Philippine Map Exhibition in 2016

2016年8月以来菲律宾大法官卡皮奥再次举办古地图展览,意图对中国南沙群岛提出主权声索.卡皮奥认为:(1) 1600年以前西方国家所制东南亚地图中呈现的系列岛屿——“Pulo XX”即为“Spratlys”(斯普拉特利,即南沙群岛)的前身;(2) 1630年以后地图中出现的Isle de Paragoa/Los Bajos de Paragua等巴拉望岛以西海域中诸多未命名暗礁亦是“Spratlys”的一部分;(3)这些地图表明“Spratlys”早已属于菲律宾巴拉望岛.本文通过对相关图籍资料的考证认为,以“Pulo XX”之名出现的系列岛屿乃是越南大陆、婆罗洲近岸岛屿,与南沙群岛无关;Isle de Paragoa/Los Bajos de Paragua亦属于巴拉望岛自然大陆架的一部分,而与南沙群岛无关.相反,地图展中的相关地图及相关文本资料恰恰表明南沙群岛并不为菲律宾所有.

With its Map Exhibition on August-September 2016, centering on the naming and belonging of the Nansha Islands, Philippine government claims a sovereignty of the islands in the South China Sea. Carpio, the judge of the Phillipines,believes that before A.D. 1600 many Pulos(islands) in the Southeast Asia map made by Europe countries are Spratlys, and Isle de Paragoa or Los Bajos de Paragua shown in maps after 1630 are also part of Spratlys. He claims that those maps show that Spratlys has belonged to the Palawan Island. This article argues that Pulos are offshore islands of Vietnam and Borneo, Isle de Paragoa or Los Bajos de Paragua are features on the continental shelves of the Palawan Island. They have no bearing on Spratlys. On the contrary, the Map Exhibition shows that Spratlys are not belonging to Palawan.