试论王阳明的孝德观

Wang Yangming's View of Filial Piety

阳明在其学问的关键转变点和人生的重大际遇中,始终秉持“孝”的理念.“孝”观念影响了阳明归宗儒学的决定;知孝行孝是其“知行合一”思想在实践中表现出的一个方面;善用譬喻,强调“孝”作为人本有的德性是阳明借以阐发“致良知”思想的重要途径.同时,借助良知,阳明重申孟子之论,认为孝悌可以延展至治理国家的政治理念.阳明又从良知学内部出发,给出了关于孝行的前提和原则,即以诚于良知为前提,以知行合一为原则.

There was a long time when Yangming finally confirmed his theory as Confucian,but the concept of filial piety was never been forgotten in his crucial changes on theory and life.Filial piety influenced Yangming's decision about to which his theory belongs;Realizing filial piety and putting it into practice consists with one respect of u the unity of knowing and doing";Being good at making metaphors to emphasize that human are bom with filial piety is an important way to specify the theory of u pursuing|conscience.At the same time,Yangming reaffirmed Mencius'viewpoint according to conscience,argued that filial piety could extend to political idea for governing a country.Yangming offered a premise and a principle of filial piety,which are being in accordance with conscience and“the unity of knowing and doing"respectively.During Yangming^whole life,he put filial piety into practice;broke through the dilemma of whether being of filial piety or loyalty with the spirit of undertaking in conscience;and,his sincere heart revealed completely on his fathers funeral,which is also the appearance of his conscience.