癌症康复期患者心理咨询认知与行为意向的调查

Investigation on Psychological Counseling Cognition and Behavioral Intention of Cancer Patients in Rehabilitation Period

目的 了解癌症康复期患者心理咨询认知与行为意向,为更好地开展癌症患者心理咨询提供依据.方法 选取定期复查的癌症康复期患者200例,采用自行设计的心理咨询认知与行为意向问卷进行调查.结果 癌症康复期患者对心理咨询认知的准确率15.4%~84.6%,平均54.5%.在自身求知行为的认知方面,50.3%患者害怕别人笑话不敢寻求心理咨询.对他人求咨行为方面,79.5%的患者表示支持.心理咨询行为意向各条目非常可能和比较可能的平均占比分别为18.7%和22.9%.不同性别、学历的癌症康复期患者对心理咨询认知与行为意向比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性高于女性,≥大专学历者心理咨询认知高于其它组(P<0.05).心理咨询的行为意向方面,≥大专学历者高于初中或小学学历者.结论 癌症康复期患者心理咨询的认知水平总体偏低,对心理咨询存在'趋避'的矛盾心理,对心理咨询行为意向亦较低.应重视对癌症康复期患者心理咨询知识的教育,提高癌症康复期患者心理咨询的认知水平,加强对公众心理咨询知识的普及宣传,创建良好的心理咨询外部环境和家庭环境,是提高癌症康复期患者心理健康水平的关键.

Objective To understand the psychological counseling cognition and behavioral intentions of convalescent cancer patients,and to provide a basis for better psychological counseling for cancer patients. Methods A total of 200 convalescent cancer patients were selected during the regular review of a district-level general hospital in this city and the self-designed psychological counseling and behavioral intention questionnaire were used for investigation. Results Convalescent cancer patients' cognition for psychological counseling had accuracy ranged from 15.4%~84.6%,with the average of 54.5%. As for the cognition of seeking psychological counseling,50.3% patients didn’t seek psychological counseling since they were in fear of being laughed,while 79.5% patients supported others in seeking counseling. For the counseling behavior intention,the average proportion of the item of 'very likely' was18.7% while 'more likely' was 22.9%. Convalescent patients with different genders and academic qualifications had a statistically significant difference in psychological counseling and behavioral intentions(both P<0.05). Males were higher than females,and the college graduates or above were higher than that of other groups(both P<0.05). As for the behavioral intentions of psychological counseling,those with college education or above were higher than those of junior high school or primary school. Conclusion Convalescent cancer patients generally have low cognitive levels on psychological counseling,featuring an ambivalence on whether to seek psychological counseling,and also low intention to psychological counseling. Male and professional or higher degree holders have higher subjectivity to seek psychological counseling. The key to promote psychological healthiness of convalescent cancer patients lies in the following aspect:paying attention to the education of psychological counseling on convalescent cancer patients, improving their cognitive level for psychological counseling,enhancing publicity of psychological counseling knowledge,and finally building harmonious social and family environment for psychological counseling.