益生菌、益生元的研究进展

Research progress of probiotics and prebiotics

在过去的一个世纪,人们已经认识到益生菌、益生元对宿主健康有诸多益处.近几年,在肠道菌群研究掀起的热潮中,益生菌、益生元的研究也有了新的进展,除了乳杆菌和双歧杆菌等传统益生菌的深入研究,下一代益生菌的概念已经被提出.越来越多临床试验和作用机制的研究,使得人们认识到肠道菌群和宿主健康息息相关,益生菌能够通过调节肠道菌群改善炎症性肠病等肠道相关疾病.新的研究成果揭示,宿主肠道固有菌群是益生菌、益生元发挥效用最直接的影响因素,肠道菌群的高度个性化,使得益生菌、益生元的补充要充分考虑宿主肠道菌群的特征.实现个性化精准干预以及下一代益生菌的开发将是益生菌、益生元研究的新方向.

In the past century,it had been recognized that probiotics and prebiotics have many benefits for host health.In recent years,with the upsurge of intestinal microbial study,the research on probiotics and prebiotics is also deepening,except for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium,the next generation of probiotics is proposed.The clinical research and the exploration of the mechanism of action made people realize the correlation between intestinal microbiota and host health,probiotic may contribute to the improvement of intestinal disease,such as IBD.The novel research findings demonstrated that the indigenous intestinal microbiota of the host is the most direct influencing factor on the effectiveness of probiotics and prebiotics.Because of the high specificity of host intestinal microbiota,the host intestinal microbial characteristic should be considered when the probiotics and prebiotics were supplemented.Personalized intervention and the development of the next generation probiotics will be the new research direction of probiotics and prebiotics.