肠道菌群对机体免疫反应的调节和影响

Regulation and impact of gut microbiota on host immune responses

肠道是机体最大的免疫器官,在机体免疫稳态的维持中起着重要作用.肠道上皮不是静态的物理屏障,它与肠道菌群以及免疫系统存在强烈的相互作用,对抗原的特异性免疫应答、平衡耐受性和效应免疫功能产生深远影响.研究表明肠道菌群的组成能够影响免疫系统的发育并调节免疫介质,进而影响肠道黏膜稳态乃至机体的免疫反应.肠道菌群的紊乱会导致肠道屏障的破坏,并可能与某些疾病的易感性增加密切相关.本文将讨论归纳肠道菌群如何影响宿主免疫系统和免疫反应的最新进展.

The intestine is the largest immune organ in the body and plays an important role in the maintenance of the body′s immune homeostasis.The intestinal epithelium is not a static physical barrier.It has a strong interaction with the microbiota and the immune system,and has a profound effect on the immune response and immune tolerance.Studies have shown that the composition of the microbiota can affect the development of the immune system and regulate the immune mediator,which in turn affects the intestinal mucosal homeostasis and even the body′s immune response.Disorders of the microbiota can lead to destruction of the intestinal barrier and increase susceptibility to certain diseases.This article will discuss recent advances in how the gut microbiota affects the host′s immune system and immune response.