现代物流技术在食用菌储藏保鲜中的应用

Application of Modern Logistics Technology in Storage and Fresh-keeping of Edible Fungi

食用菌是指能够被人类食用的大型真菌,目前世界上已经发现了5000多种,其中已知的一共有2000多种,其中能大面积种植的真菌一共有40多种,常见的有蘑菇、香菇、银耳、木耳等.在食用菌采摘之后,其同化作用就已经停止了,而呼吸作用会直接或间接地影响着食用菌的生理生化过程,从而也影响其耐贮性、抗病性.如果想继续保持食物菌的新鲜,就必须要积极地采取一定的措施.如何更好地进行食用菌的保鲜,是食物菌贮藏保鲜所要解决的问题.总所周知,食物在低温状态下是可以被保鲜的.最近几年来,用于食用菌保鲜的方法也逐渐增多,如气调贮藏、辐射保鲜,还有化学药物保鲜,当然这些方法也只是在研究中.

Edible fungi refer to large-scale fungi that can be eaten by human beings.At present,more than 120,000 fungi have been found in the world,including more than 2000 edible fungi.Among them,there are more than 40 fungi that can be cultivated in large areas.Common fungi are mushroom,lentinus edodes,tremella fuciformis,auricularia auricula and so on.After edible fungus is picked,its assimilation stops.Respiration directly or indirectly affects the physiological and biochemical process of edible fungus,and consequently affects the changes of its storage and disease resistance.If we want to keep food fungi fresh,we must take active measures.How to better preserve edible fungi is a problem to be solved in the storage and preservation of edible fungi.We all know that food can be kept fresh at low temperatures.In recent years,there have been more and more fresh-keeping methods for edible fungi,such as controlled atmosphere storage,radiation preservation,and chemical preservation.Of course,these methods are only under study.