宁夏石嘴山地区幽门螺杆菌的感染现状及相关影响因素分析

Infection status and related factors of Helicobacter pylori in Shizuishan Ningxia

目的 探讨宁夏石嘴山地区人群幽门螺杆菌( HP)的感染率及相关影响因素分析.方法 采用随机数表法随机选取2018年12月至2019年2月宁夏石嘴山市第二人民医院招募的分布于宁夏石嘴山市5个地区的710例健康志愿者,男235例,女475例,年龄(44. 41 ± 13. 88)岁,年龄范围为14~88岁.所有志愿者填写幽门螺杆菌感染调查问卷,同时接受尿素14 C呼气试验,并对最终的调查结果进行相关统计学分析.结果 宁夏石嘴山地区调查的710例志愿者中HP感染率为56. 8% (403/710),男性感染率[62. 1% (146/235)]高于女性[54. 1% (257/475)],41~60岁志愿者HP感染率[63. 6% (325/511)]高于≤40岁志愿者[44. 4% (52/117)]及>60岁志愿者[31. 7% (26/82)],三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05).在职志愿者的HP感染率[59. 1% (355/601)]高于非在职志愿者[44. 0% (48/109)],生活在农村志愿者的HP感染率[65. 2% (58/89)]高于生活在县城的志愿者[55. 6% (345/621)],家庭收入>5 000元的志愿者感染率[52. 4% (66/126)]低于<3 000元志愿者[58. 7% (155/264)]及3 000~5 000元志愿者[56. 9% (182/320)],差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05).既往或现有胆囊疾病者 HP 感染率[ 72. 0% ( 95/132)]高于无胆囊疾病者[53. 3% (308/578)],既往或现有心血管疾病者HP感染率[66. 1% (39/59)]高于无心血管疾病者[55. 9% (364/651)],无胃镜检查史者的HP感染率[59. 2% (303/512)]高于既往或现行胃镜检查者[50. 5% ( 100/198)],差异均有统计学意义( P <0. 05 ).志愿者对 HP 的知晓率为 35. 5% (252/710).经多因素分析性别、年龄、职业及是否行过胃镜检查与HP具有相关性.结论 宁夏石嘴山地区人群HP感染率与全国感染平均水平相一致,且HP感染与年龄、性别、职业、生活地区、家庭收入及既往或现有胆囊疾病、心血管疾病、未行过胃镜检查等密切相关,可为HP后续的预防及治疗提供流行病学依据.

To investigate the influence of Helicobacter pylori infection rate and rele-vant impact factors in Shizuishan area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Methods A total of 710 healthy volunteers were selected by the random number table,including 235 males and 475 females from 5 districts of Shizuishan City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from December 2018 to February 2019 in Ningxia Shi-zuishan Second People′s Hospital.The volunteers were aged(44.41±13.88)years and ranging from 14 to 88 years.All volunteers filled in Helicobacter pylori questionnaire and accepted a urea 14 C breath test at the same time.The final survey results were statistically analyzed.Results The HP infection rate of 710 volun-teers surveyed in the Shizuishan area of Ningxia was 56.8%(403/710),and the male infection rate[62.1%(146/235)]was higher than female[54.1%(257/475)],and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P<0.05).The HP infection rate of volunteers aged 41 to 60 years[63.6%(325/511)]was high-er than volunteers under 40 years old[44.4%(52/117)]and over 60 years old[31.7%(26/82)],(P<0.05).The HP infection rate of the volunteers on the job[59.1%(355/601)]was higher than the non-working volunteers[44.0%(48/109)],and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The HP infection rate of rural volunteers[65.2%(58/89)]was higher than volunteers living in the county[55.6%(345/621)],(P<0.05).The infection rate of volunteers with family income more than 5 000 yuan[52.4%(66/126)]was lower than volunteers′income less than 3,000 yuan[58.7%(155/264)]and from 3 000 to 5 000 yuan volunteers[56.9%(182/320)],(P<0.05).The previous or existing gallbladder dis-ease HP infection rate[72.0%(95/132)]was higher than those without gallbladder diseases[53.3%(308/578)],(P<0.05).The HP infection rate of previous or existing cardiovascular disease patients[66.1%(39/59)]was higher than those without cardiovascular disease[55.9%(364/651)],(P<0.05).The HP infection rate in patients without history of gastroscopy[59.2%(303/512)]was higher than previous or current gastroscopy[50.5%(100/198)],(P<0.05).Volunteers′awareness of HP was 35.5%(252/710).Multivariate analysis show that gender,age,occupation,and whether has a gastroscopy or not were correlated with HP.Conclusion The HP infection rate in the Shizuishan area of Ningxia is consistent with the national average infection level.And the HP infection is closely related to age,gender,occupation,living area,family income,previous or existing gallbladder diseases,cardiovascular diseases,and no gastroscopy.It can provide an epidemiological basis for the prevention and treatment of HP in the region.