北京话“这就”的跨层词汇化及其将行义的浮现

The Lexical Priming on Zhejiu（这就）in Mandarin and Its Emerging Meaning of Immediate Future

本文通过清末民初北京话和现当代北京话材料,讨论“这就”的跨层词汇化现象,说明“这就”正经历一个表达近将来时的浮现过程.其词汇固化浮现过程可以从搭配的固化、语境的固化和意义的固化三个方面来观察.在句法语义演变研究中,搭配的固化和意义的固化是以往较受关注的.相对而言,语境的固化在以往研究中关注不够.本文从言语行为功能出发,考察句法形式与言者行为之间的关系,指出语境的固化对于意义浮现具有重要作用,语境的固化是触发演变的重要条件.

Based on the data from the late Qing dynasty to contemporary Mandarin, this article proposes that zhejiu(这 就)is used as an adverb expressing immediate future in contemporary Beijing Mandarin. The lexicalization of zhejiu is derived from the combination of "this" and "soon" with ignoring syntactic boundary. The lexical priming can be found in three files: 1) primed for collocation; 2) primed for context; and 3) primed for meaning. From the perspective of Speech Action Theory, the paper displays the relation between syntactic formation and its speech action motivation. It suggests that the effect primed for context evokes the new interpretation and plays a significant role in the new form-meaning practice.