《满文三国志》中所见的汉语北方音

Northern Dialect in Chinese Transcription in the Manchu Translation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms

本文通过分析《满文三国志》中出现的汉语词汇满文拼法,阐明满人所接触的汉语北方音的音系.文中第一部分对早期满文资料《满文三国志》(1650)的出版经过进行介绍并定义本文研究对象.第二部分对《满文三国志》中的声母拼法,主要关注与现代北京音之间的差异,和反映出来的尖团音和精知庄章组音的特征.第三部分对《满文三国志》中的韵母拼法,特别是果摄字、中古入声字进行分析.第四部分通过分析声母和韵母所得的结果,指出其基础方言和胶东方言的关系.

The purpose of this study is to confirm the characteristics of northern dialect from transcription in Manchu texts. The translation published in Shunzhi 7 th(1650) was an early Manchu literature. In that text, translators used Manchu alphabets to transcribe Chinese words such as names of people, places, occupations and so on. The features of those transricipts are different from Beijing and Nanjing dialect in the late period of the Ming dynasty. Through the analysis of transcripts and the historical background, it shows that the base dialect of these transripts has connection with the Jiaodong(胶东) dialect.