释“利娄”

A Textual Research on Lilou(利娄)

《祖堂集》中的“利娄相击,不侧耳者如何”一语颇为难解,《祖堂集》各种校本都无出注,唯孙昌武、衣川贤次、西口芳男点校的中华书局本径改“利娄”为“离娄”,但对全句的解释却语焉不详.“离娄”是一人名,一个人如何“相击”?“离娄”是“古之明目者”,为什么却说“不侧耳者如何”?答语为什么用“哲”回答?这一系列问题都必须解释清楚.概括起来说,第一个问题是借代问题,用锐利的目光的象征“离娄”代表锐利的目光;第二个问题是用典问题,目击道存,故无须侧耳;第三个问题是禅义问题,禅宗强调以心传心,所以无须借助声音等外在的形式,目光相接,便心有灵犀,悟禅解道.解决了这三个问题,“利娄”为“离娄”之误就比较容易理解了.

It is difficult to understand the clause "Lilou xiangji, bu ce’er zhe ruhe (利娄相击,不侧耳者如何)" in Zutang Ji (《祖堂 集》), which isn’t annotated in any versions. Lilou (利娄)is changed to lilou (离娄) by Sun Changwu(孙昌武)、Yichuanxianci(衣川贤次)、Xikoufangnan(西口芳男) who collated Zutang Ji which was published by Zhonghua Book Company. There isn’t any certainty over what "Lilou xiangji, bu ce’er zhe ruhe" means. How lilou, as one person, can hit each other? Lilou is an ancient man with bright eyes, why "bu ce’er zhe ruhe (不侧耳者如何)"? Why the answer is "zhe(哲)" ? The first question is about metonymy, because lilou is used to mean the sharp eyesight. The second question is about allusion. Because of Seeing within dao(道), it is unnecessary to prick up one’sears. The third question is about the practice of Zen that emphasizes heart-to-heart communication. It is unnecessary to resort to sound and other external forms to understand, but rather tacitly only relies on seeing by eyes.