延续性健康教育对脑外伤患者照顾者负担的影响

Effect of Continuous Health Education on Thecaregiver Burden of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

目的:探讨对脑外伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)患者的照顾者实施延续性健康教育,对照顾者的照顾负担(the caregiver burden)的影响。方法选取重庆某三甲医院神经外科2个同质化病区内的脑外伤后肢体功能障碍离院患者100例,按所住病区分组,A病区纳入对照组50例,B病区纳入干预组50例。对照组照顾者予以出院前1 d及出院后1 w时常规健康教育,干预组照顾者在对照组常规健康教育的基础上出院前2~3d予以日常生活能力为导向的健康教育并在出院后第1w、第3w及第5w电话健康教育,使用Zarit护理者负担量表(ZaritCaregiverBurdenInterview,ZBI)比较两组照顾者在出院2个月后的照顾者负担。结果出院时干预组和对照组照顾者ZBI得分为(48.02±5.19)及(47.38±6.21),P值为0.438,无统计学差异,出院2个月后照顾者ZBI为(34.22±6.89)及(42.30±1.95),P值为0.000,具有统计学意义。结论延续性照顾者健康教育,能降低照顾者负担水平,值得推广。

Objective Toexplore effect of continuous health education on the caregiver burden of patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods Totally 100 caregiver of traumatic brain injury patients with limb dysfunction were randomly divided into control group and intervention group according to their ward:50 patients from A ward in control group while 50 patients from B ward in intervention group.Caregivers in control group were given the routine health education 1 d before discharge and 1 week after discharge;caregivers in intervention group received the routine health education and the ADL oriented health education 2~3 d before discharged as well as the telephone follow-up health education at the first week,the third week and the fifth week after discharge in addition.The ZaritCaregiverBurdenInterview scores of caregivers between the two groups were compared two months later.Results ZBI of intervention group and control group was48.02±5.19 and 47.38±6.21 on the day before discharge,without significant differences(P=0.438).ZBI of intervention group and control group decreased to 34.22±6.89and 42.30±1.95 at 2 months after discharge,with statistically significant differences between two groups(P=0.000).Conclusion The ADL oriented continuous caregiver health education can reduce the caregiver burden level of traumatic brain injury patients.