骨盆滋养孔的解剖学研究及其临床意义

Anatomy of the Nutrient Foramen of Pelvis and Its Clinical Significance

目的:探讨骨盆滋养孔的大小、数目及分布特点,并分析其所在临床中的应用意义。方法选取承德医学院解剖教研室成人干性完整髋骨标本60例,其中男性33例,女性27例,将各髋骨标本沿髂前下棘、坐骨小切迹水平方向作两条平行线,将其从内向外、由上至下分成A、B、C三个区域,通过体式显微镜观察各区域滋养孔数目并用游标卡尺测量这些髋骨上滋养孔的孔径大小。结果通过实验研究,得出滋养孔数目在男女两性髋骨的分布是B区>A区>C区,直径在1.5mm以上的主滋养孔的密度分布是B区>A区>C区,提出了主滋养孔(≥1.5mm)的定位分布。结论本文旨在观察骨盆外形特征的基础上,研究骨盆不同区域滋养孔的解剖学分布及其孔径大小,并结合骨盆的供血关系予以讨论,以期在骨盆及髋臼骨折手术中对滋养孔进行保护,并达到减少术中出血的目的以及为带血管蒂髂骨移植提供临床骨科学依据。

Objective Explore the pelvis nutrient foramen size,number and distribution,and to analyze its significance in clinical application.Methods Select Chengde Medical Col ege Anatomy of a complete adult stem hip specimens 60 cases,including 33 males and 27 females,each hip specimens from the inside out,from top to bot om is divided into A,B,C three regions and observed with vernier caliper to measure the pore size distribution and the anatomical location of these holes.Results By observing the measurement,the number of men and women,nutrient foramen distribution is hip area B>A>C area,the density distribution of more than 1.5mm diameter holes is the main nourishment area B>AC District,presented the main nutrient foramen(≥1.5mm)positioning distribution.Conclusion This paper aims to observe the characteristic shape of the pelvis,based on the study of the pelvic anatomy in dif erent regions nutrient foramen distribution,and discussed the relationship between the pelvis combined with blood,to the pelvic and acetabular fracture surgery in the hole to protect nourish and to reduce intraoperative the purpose of bleeding as wel as the iliac bone graft to provide a scientific basis.