人参主要化学成分及皂苷提取方法研究进展

Advances of the main chemical components and isolation methods in ginseng

人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)的干燥根入药,其茎、叶、花、果也可药用.人参作为我国的名贵中药材之一,从古至今都受到人们的广泛重视,有大补元气、补脾益肺、生津安神益智之功效.人参化学成分复杂,生物活性较为广泛,药理作用独特,应用价值极高,被应用在医学、药学、保健食品、化妆品等多个领域,市场广泛.经过人们长期的探索研究和临床应用的积累,人参的成分和功效也越来越清晰.通过查阅梳理近几年国内外人参相关文献,针对其主要化学成分皂苷、多糖、挥发油等进行了综述,并综述了人参皂苷提取方法.

Ginseng is a dried root of ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer),and its stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits are also used for medicinal purposes.As one of the most valuable Chinese herbal medicines in China,ginseng has been widely valued since ancient times,and it has the effects of replenishing vital energy,replenishing the spleen and benefiting the lungs,and revitalizing the mind.Ginseng has a complex chemical composition,a wide range of biological activities,unique pharmacological effects,and high application value.It is widely used in many fields such as medicine,pharmacy,health food,and cosmetics.After long-term exploration and clinical application,the composition and efficacy of ginseng have become clearer.By reviewing the relevant literatures of ginseng at home and abroad in recent years,the pharmacological effects of the main chemical constituents such as saponins,polysaccharides,volatile oils and the isolation methods of ginseng saponins are summarized.