黄精栽培地土壤养分与药材质量评价研究

Study on the quality evaluation of soil nutrients and medicinal materials in Polygonatum sibiricum Re. cultivation area

目的 分析黄精栽培基地土壤养分分布规律,评价药材内在质量,为栽培生产优质高产黄精药材提供数据支撑和理论依据.方法 采集黄精栽培地土壤与黄精药材各14份,用土壤养分速测仪测定土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾各项指标;用苯酚-蒽酮法测定黄精药材内多糖的含量.结果 黄精栽培地土壤pH、 有机质、 碱解氮、 速效钾、 速效磷变化范围分别是6.75~8.50,6.52~18.77g/kg,8.08~69.80mg/kg,21.79~116.41mg/kg,41.09~201.47mg/kg,平均值分别为7.35、11.04g/kg、32.36mg/kg、63.53mg/kg、98.47mg/kg;黄精药材含量为6.13~12.17%,平均含量为9.09%.结论 根据全国土壤分级标准,柳河县黄精种植地土壤养分状况总体表现为土壤呈中性,有机质、速效钾含量中等,速效磷含量极丰富,碱解氮含量明显缺乏,黄精多糖含量符合药典规定.吉林省柳河县适宜栽培黄精药材,但在栽培过程中应及时补充氮肥和钾肥.

Objective to analyze the law of soil nutrient distribution in Polygonatum sibiricum Re.cultivation base,and to evaluate the internal quality of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.,so as to provide data support and theoretical basis for the cultivation and production of high-quality and high-yield Polygonatum sibiricum Re..Methods 14 samples of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.and 14 samples of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.were collected.Soil pH,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were measured by soil nutrient velocity meter.The content of polysaccharides inPolygonatum sibiricum Re.was determined by phenol-allium ketone method.Results the variation ranges of pH,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus were 6.75-8.50,respectively.6.52-18.77g/kg,8.08-69.80mg/kg,21.79-116.41mg/kg,41.09-201.47 mg/kg,The mean values were 7.35,11.04g/kg,32.36mg/kg,63.53mg/kg and 98.47mg/kg,respectively.The content of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.was 6.13-12.17%,and the average content was 9.09%.Conclusion according to the national soil grading standards,the soil nutrient status of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.plantation in liuhe county was generally neutral,with medium content of organic matter and available potassium,extremely rich content of available phosphorus,and obvious lack of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen.The content of Polygonatum sibiricum Re.polysaccharide was in line with the provisions of pharmacopoeia.It is suitable to cultivate huangjing in liuhe county,jilin province,but nitrogen fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be added in time.