母国要素与新创企业国际化：研究回顾与展望

The Impact of Home Country Determinants on the Internationalization of New Ventures:A Review and Prospects

母国要素是'天生全球化'现象的主要前因,也可视为新创企业国际化的优势来源.基于母国要素在新创企业国际化研究领域的重要地位,本研究首先从网络、产业和制度三大理论视角出发,系统地梳理了母国要素对新创企业国际化的影响;进而总结了母国要素的作用机制,即逃离机制、能力构建机制和组织学习机制,并发现母国要素是新创企业国际化的驱动力与能力来源之一;最后,本文通过对母国要素类型和作用机制的总结和评述,提出了未来的研究方向,以期为后续相关研究提供参考.

Home country determinants are considered important driving factors pertaining to the internationalization of new ventures.Prior research on how home country environment influences the internationalization of new ventures has identified a number of challenges faced by the literature of international new ventures.This stream of research has enriched the body of knowledge for international entrepreneurship literature to a great extent.Our study provides a systematic review on the literature addressing the phenomenon of international new ventures and born global firms from a home country perspective.Our framework considers three sets of home country factors–network,industrial,and institutional.We introduce the effects of domestic business networks,social networks and institutional networks on the international behavior and performance of international new ventures.We emphasize the role of different characteristics of the whole domestic industrial environment and specific industrial clusters using an industry-based view.Also,formal and informal domestic institutions and how they enable new ventures to expand to international markets are discussed.By reviewing the relevant studies published in leading journals in the past two decades,we offer new insights of the three mechanisms(escape,capability building and organizational learning)as building blocks for the internationalization of new ventures.Each set of home country factors(network,industrial and institutional)and their mechanisms are discussed respectively.We draw the conclusion that the role of country origin and interaction or substitute effects of existing mechanisms are understudied,and a cognitive perspective could also be adopted in future research considering the effects of home country determinants.Our review presents critical implications for future research directions in international entrepreneurship.