越法裁判的可能、形式与根据

The Possibility, Forms and Justification of Judging Beyond the law

司法裁判的形式合法性,源自于法官在裁判过程中对于既有法律的遵守.然而随着实践的发展,法官应受法律拘束的刚性要求在逐渐松动,出现了一些无法再继续严格贯彻这一信条的情形,法官为了填补既有法律之空缺以及寻求公正的个案裁决,迫不得已而偏离既有法律标准作出裁判.此种偏离有内在的正当性根据,其显然并不是法官任意而为的,它的行使会受到诸多方面的限制,从而确保这种表面上偏离法律的司法裁判活动其实在实质上是为了向既有法律更好地回归.

The judging derives its formallegitimacy from obeying laws in judicial process.However,with inpractice,there are exceptions to the dogma that judges should be bound by law,thus in some cases,the judges cannotimplement this dogma absolutely.By contrast,judges have to deviate existing laws to some extent in order to fill the gaps in law and to seek a just decision in individual case.This kind of deviating has its inner legitimacy,and apparently judges shallnot decide arbitrarily,which means that many restrictions will be imposed on the operation of this deviation.By this way,the deviation which seemingly deviates the existing laws aims at the return of the justice.