法国的诗经学溯源

On the Origins of Study of The Book of Poetry in France

在法国,《诗经》的翻译经历了选译和全译两个阶段,法国的诗经学则有超越文学研究的特征.最早,十八世纪耶稣会士马若瑟和韩国英选译了《雅》、《颂》的部分篇章,进行了索隐学式的译解;十九世纪上半叶,《诗经》拉丁文全译本在欧洲出版后,汉学家毕欧开启了由《诗经》考察中国古代社会风俗志的研究;十九世纪末,在华耶稣会士顾赛芬出版《诗经》法文全译本,《诗经》的文学性方始受到关注;二十世纪,葛兰言从社会人类学角度研究《诗经》,认为《国风》里情歌的原型是古代中国民间的即兴对歌集,由青年男女对歌形成的联姻是古代中国社会联盟最稳固的基础.独具一格的法国诗经学由此形成.

The translation of The Book of Poetry(《诗经》)into French started in the 18th century:the French Jesuit Joseph de Prrrnare and Pierre—Martial Cibot made a Figurative interpretation to some poems in Odes(雅)and Hymns(颂).In the first haIf of the 190 century,the French sinologist Edouard Not made a preliminary sociological study to Tk Book of Poetry.The French Jesuit Srraphin Couvreur,translator of the full French translation which was published in China by t11e end of the 19th century.paid attention to the 1iterariness of the book iU his translation.In the 200 century,the French sociologist and sinologist Marcel Granet made a social anthropological study to ne Book of Poetry,considering that most poems in Airs of the States(国风)arelove songs,which were originally improvisational antiphonal songs SUng between young people in Spring and Autumn by riversides or on mountains,and that marriages brought about by such ritual antiphonal songs formed the solid base d ancient Chinese sooiety.The study of the Book of Poetry in Franee became shaped.