方回的诗格观与格法批评论略

On Fang Hui's Concept of Poetic Techniques and Its Criticism

作为方回诗学理论与实际批评的一个基本范畴,“诗格”蕴含着他在诗法建构层面上的诉求.方回不满于之前诗格类著作或诗格论者为诗歌创作设立客观化、程式化的格式和技法,经由对唐宋诗史上诸多诗歌文本的考察,确立起以创作主体的“才”、“学”、“识”为根柢的“诗格”观,并循此对诗歌创作的格法传统及诗法要义展开建构性的批评论说.在此过程中,赋予了这一诗学范畴新的理论内涵和批评品格,也拓展了这一传统的文学批评型态的阐释空间.

As a basic scope of his poetic theory and practical criticism,Fallg Hui’S concept of poetic forms and techniques implies his proposition on the construction of poetic techniques.Fang Hui was not satisfied with the objectified and stylized forms and techniques set up by the previous works or critics.Therefore,basing on his studies of numerous poems in the Tang and Song Dynasties,he put forward a new concept of poetic forms and techniques in writing poems,which attached great importance to the poets’talent,knowledge and experience,and then he made constructive presentations of the practice focusing on poetic fonTIS and techniques as well as the essence in the history.In this way,the terra in poetics——“poetic f01TIIS and techniques”had a new connotation and perspective In addition,a potential space for the poetry criticism was opened up.