宁夏回族自治区重点地区布鲁氏菌病防控知识知晓情况及影响因素研究

The awareness of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge in key areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and influencing factors

目的掌握宁夏回族自治区(宁夏)重点地区人群对布鲁氏菌病(布病)防控知识知晓情况,分析其影响因素。方法2023年2-3月,采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,选取宁夏盐池县、利通区、平罗县和原州区4个县(区)的居民作为调查对象(年龄≥12岁,居住时间≥6个月)。通过面对面问卷调查的方法获取调查对象性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、地区、城乡等人口学信息以及布病防控知识知晓情况。计算各类人群布病防控知识知晓率,采用二元logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果共发放1592份问卷,其中有效问卷1581份,有效率为99.31%。男性704人,占44.53%(704/1581);女性877人,占55.47%(877/1581)。年龄为(54.09±14.81)岁,范围为14~88岁。文化程度以小学及以下为主,占48.07%(760/1581)。婚姻状况以已婚或同居为主,占91.84%(1452/1581)。职业以农牧民为主,占61.92%(979/1581)。平罗县、利通区、原州区、盐池县各调查392、403、396、390人。城镇和农村各调查797、784人。人群总体布病防控知识知晓率为47.82%(756/1581)。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、地区及城乡人群布病防控知识知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、城乡是人群布病防控知识知晓率的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论宁夏重点地区人群布病防控知识知晓率较低,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、城乡是其主要影响因素。

Objective To learn about the awareness of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge among people in key areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Ningxia),and analyze influencing factors.Methods From February to March 2023,a multi-stage stratified sampling method was adopted to select residents(aged≥12 years and resident for≥6 months)from Yanchi County,Litong District,Pingluo County and Yuanzhou District of Ningxia as the survey subjects.Demographic information such as gender,age,education level,marital status,occupation,region,urban-rural status,as well as knowledge of brucellosis prevention and control were obtained through face-to-face questionnaire surveys.The awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge among various populations was calculated and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results A total of 1592 questionnaires were distributed,of which 1581 were valid,with an effective rate of 99.31%.There were 704 males,accounting for 44.53%(704/1581);and 877 females,accounting for 55.47%(877/1581).The age was(54.09±14.81)years old,ranging from 14 to 88 years old.The education level was mainly primary school or below,accounting for 48.07%(760/1581).The marital status was mainly married or cohabitating,accounting for 91.84%(1452/1581).The occupation was mainly farmers and herdsmen,accounting for 61.92%(979/1581).In Pingluo County,Litong District,Yuanzhou District and Yanchi County,392,403,396 and 390 people were investigated,respectively.In urban and rural areas,797 and 784 people were investigated,respectively.The overall awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge among the population was 47.82%(756/1581).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the awareness rates of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge among different age groups,education levels,marital status,occupation,regions and urban and rural populations(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,marital status,occupation,urban-rural status were the factors influencing the awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge among the population(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of brucellosis prevention and control knowledge in key areas of Ningxia is relatively low,and age,education level,marital status,occupation,and urban-rural status are the main influencing factors.