肾脏移植受者乙型肝炎病毒感染临床诊疗指南(2023版)

Clinical guidelines for hepatitis B virus infection in kidney transplant recipients(2023 edition)

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种嗜肝双链环状DNA病毒。我国一般人群中乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)流行率约为6.1%,HBV感染者基数较大,血液透析患者群体中的HBV感染率明显高于一般人群。肾脏移植受者处于免疫抑制状态,是HBV的易感人群,且既往HBV感染可能发生再激活,影响受者和移植肾长期存活。为进一步规范肾脏移植术后HBV感染的诊断和治疗,中华医学会器官移植学分会组织国内有关专家,从流行病学、肾脏移植受者HBV感染途径、HBV感染者肾脏移植适应证、肾脏移植受者HBV感染的诊断、预防和治疗等方面制订本指南,以帮助肾脏移植工作者规范和优化HBV感染的管理。

The hepatitis B virus(HBV)is a liver-loving,double-stranded,circular DNA virus.The prevalence of hepatits B surface antigen(HBsAg)in the general population of China is approximately 6.1%,indicating a large base of HBV-infected individuals.The infection rate of HBV in the blood dialysis patient population is significantly higher than that in the general population.Kidney transplant recipients,being in an immunosuppressed state,are susceptible to HBV infection,and previous HBV infections may reactivate,affecting the long-term survival of the recipient and the transplanted kidney.To further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection after kidney transplantation,the Transplantation Branch of the Chinese Medical Association has organized domestic experts to develop this guideline from aspects such as epidemiology,routes of HBV infection in kidney transplant recipients,indications for kidney transplantation in HBV-infected individuals,and the diagnosis,prevention,and treatment of HBV infection in kidney transplant recipients,in order to help kidney transplant professionals standardize and optimize the management of HBV infection.